搭建本地yum仓库
2012年03月24日
在rpm安装的时候，最怕见到的就是依赖：要想安装A软件包，请先安装B软件，要想安装B软件包，请先升级C软件包...最可恶的是，要想安装Z软件包，请先安装A软件包。有时候，某个软件的安装可能要依赖其他上百个软件包，实在不可能一个一个手工完成，虽然rpm可以使用参数忽略依赖，强制安装，但是难免会影响使用。
但是幸好，RedHat还提供了另外一种自动解决依赖问题的安装方式：yum(Yellow dog Updater, Modified)！！！
下面就来详细的讲解一次yum仓库的搭建过程！这次，我新安装了一个RedHat的虚拟机，只安装了最简单的桌面环境。现在想要安装VirtualBox的增强功能，安装失败。日志记录中说明缺乏gcc的编译环境，所以要先安装gcc。
先挂载RedHat的安装光盘。
#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
#cd /mnt/Packages
#rpm -ivh rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.4-13.el6.i686.rpm 安装失败，提示存在软件依赖关系。为了解决这个依赖，于是我先搭建一个yum仓库。
建立存放rpm包的目录，并把安装光盘里的rpm包拷贝到该目录下。
#mkdir -p /usr/local/src/yum
#cp -vrf /mnt/Packages /usr/local/src/yum/根据自己的习惯，给Packages目录改个名字rpms。
#cd /usr/local/src/yum/
#mv Packages rpms安装createrepo工具，稍候将用这个工具创建yum仓库。
#cd rpms/
#rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.8-4.el6.noarch.rpm 存在依赖，于是先安装了另外的两个包：
#rpm -ivh deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.i686.rpm
#rpm -ivh python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.i686.rpm 安装成功createrepo之后5，重建仓库信息配置文件
#createrepo /usr/local/src/yum（这个配置文件在/usr/local/src/yum/repodata/下）在/etc/yum.repos.d下创建yum.repo文件输入：
[rpms]
name=rpms
baseurl=file:///usr/local/src/yum
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-RedHat-release测试
#yum list | more
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Installed Packages
ConsoleKit.i686 0.4.1-3.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
ConsoleKit-libs.i686 0.4.1-3.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
ConsoleKit-x11.i686 0.4.1-3.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
DeviceKit-power.i686 014-1.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
GConf2.i686 2.28.0-6.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
GConf2-gtk.i686 2.28.0-6.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
MAKEDEV.i686 3.24-6.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
ModemManager.i686 0.4.0-3.git20100628.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
NetworkManager.i686 1:0.8.1-5.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
NetworkManager-glib.i686 1:0.8.1-5.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
nux-201009221732.i386/6.0
NetworkManager-gnome.i686 1:0.8.1-5.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLi
more安装gcc。激动人心的时刻到了！！!
# yum install gcc
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc.i686 0:4.4.4-13.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.4-13.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15 for package: gcc-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cloog-ppl.i686 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7 for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2 for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686
---> Package cpp.i686 0:4.4.4-13.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1 for package: cpp-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
---> Package glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.7.el6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc-headers.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
---> Package mpfr.i686 0:2.4.1-6.el6 set to be updated
---> Package ppl.i686 0:0.10.2-11.el6 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel-headers.i686 0:2.6.32-71.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
gcc i686 4.4.4-13.el6 rpms 8.1 M
Installing for dependencies:
cloog-ppl i686 0.15.7-1.2.el6 rpms 93 k
cpp i686 4.4.4-13.el6 rpms 3.4 M
glibc-devel i686 2.12-1.7.el6 rpms 960 k
glibc-headers i686 2.12-1.7.el6 rpms 599 k
kernel-headers i686 2.6.32-71.el6 rpms 965 k
mpfr i686 2.4.1-6.el6 rpms 153 k
ppl i686 0.10.2-11.el6 rpms 1.3 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 8 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 15 M
Installed size: 34 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 32 MB/s | 15 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : kernel-headers-2.6.32-71.el6.i686 1/8
Installing : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.i686 2/8
Installing : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686 3/8
Installing : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.i686 4/8
Installing : glibc-headers-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 5/8
Installing : cpp-4.4.4-13.el6.i686 6/8
Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 7/8
Installing : gcc-4.4.4-13.el6.i686 8/8
Installed:
gcc.i686 0:4.4.4-13.el6
Dependency Installed:
cloog-ppl.i686 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 cpp.i686 0:4.4.4-13.el6
glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6 glibc-headers.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6
kernel-headers.i686 0:2.6.32-71.el6 mpfr.i686 0:2.4.1-6.el6
ppl.i686 0:0.10.2-11.el6
Complete!成功安装好gcc之后，安装VirtualBox的增强功能也就一部搞定了！！！
以上过程，参考于http://blog.csdn.net/shenkxiao/article/details/7079722。
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